Abstract

Aim: was to study features of the clinical course, instrumental and biochemical parameters of patients with atherosclerotic aneurysmal expansion of the abdominal aorta on the base of retrospective analysis and prospective observation to determine indications for timely surgical correction.

Materials and methods: patients with the maximum diameter of the infra-renal abdominal aorta from 26 to 50mm (n=60) without primary indications for surgical treatment (endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair) were selected for the prospective follow-up group. For the period of 2 years, all patients from prospective group underwent duplex scanning of the abdominal aorta every 6 months and multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the aorta – once a year. The retrospective analysis included results of preoperative clinical-instrumental and laboratory examination of patients (n=55) who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of the abdominal aorta with a maximum diameter of the infra-renal abdominal aorta more than 50mm.

Results: when comparing clinical, instrumental and biochemical parameters in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) before surgery and atherosclerotic aneurysmal abdominal aortic expansion of different degrees, not requiring surgical correction at the time of inclusion, it was shown that patients with AAA, statistically significantly differed from patients with AAA in clinical symptoms (pulsation and abdominal pain), burdened heredity, the number of smokers. There were no statistically significant differences in the severity of coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis. When comparing results of ultrasound duplex scanning and MSCT to estimate linear dimensions of the abdominal aorta in the group of patients with aneurysmal dilation and in the group of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm, the comparability of results has been revealed. Prospective observation of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysmal dilation revealed predictors of disease progression: age less than 65 years, diameter of the upper third of the abdominal aorta more than 23mm, maximum diameter of the abdominal aorta more than 43mm, length of aneurismal dilation more than 52mm.

Conclusion: obtained results allowed to determine most informative indicators and criteria for the progression of atherosclerotic aneurysm expansion of the abdominal aorta, to determine further tactics of treatment, including the need for surgical correction of this pathology.

References

1.     Braithwaite B, J Cheshire N, M Greenhalgh R, Grieve R. IMPROVE Trial Investigators. Endovascular strategy or open repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: oneyear outcomes from the IMPROVE randomized trial. Eur Heart J. 2015; 36(31): 2061-2069.

2.     Bown MJ. Meta-Analysis of 50 Years of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm the growth rate of small abdominal aortic aneurysms: A randomized placebocontrolled trial (AARDVARK). Eur Heart J. 2016; 37(42):3213-21.

3.     Kabardieva MR, Komlev AE, Kuchin IV, Kolmakova TE, Sharia MA, Imaev TE, Naumov VG, Akchurin RS. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: the view of a cardiologist and cardiovascular surgeon. Atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. 2018; 33(4):17-24 [In Russ].

4.     Toghill BJ, Saratzis A, Liyanage LS, Sidloff D, Bown MJ. Genetics of Aortic Aneurysmal Disease. eLS: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Circulation. 2016; 133(24): 2516-2528.

5.     Kazanchian PO. Ruptures of abdominal aortic aneurysms. PO Kazanchian, VA Popov, PG Sotnikov. M.: Publisher MEI, 2006: 254 [In Russ].

6.     Erbel R, Aboyans V, Boileau C, Bossone E, Bartolomeo RD, Eggebrecht H, Evangelista A, Falk V, Frank H, Gaemperli O, Grabenwoger M, Haverich A, Iung B, Manolis AJ, Meijboom F, Nienaber CA, Roffi M, Rousseau H, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Allmen RS, Vrints J; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. 2014 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: document covering acute and chronic aortic diseases of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of the adult. The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2014: 35(41): 2873-2926.

7.     Moll FL, Powell JT, Fraedrich G, Verzini F, Haulon S, Waltham M, van Herwaarden JA, Holt PJ, van Keulen JW, Rantner B, Schlosser FJ, Setacci F, Ricco JB; European Society for Vascular Surgery. Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms clinical practice guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2011; 4: 1-58.

8.     Akchurin RS, Imaev TE. Vascular diseases. Aortic aneurysms. RS Akchurin, TE Imaev. Cardiology guidelines, edited by EI Chazov; 4: 548 [In Russ].

9.     National recomendations on management of patient with abdominal aorta aneurysms. Angiology and vascular surgery. 2013; 19(2) (appendix) [In Russ].

10.   Polyakov RS, Abugov SA, Charchian ER, Pyreckiy MV, Saakyan YM. Selection of patients for endovascular prosthetics of abdominal aorta. Medical alphabet. 2016; 1 (11) (274): 33-37 [In Russ].

11.   Kuchin IV, Imaev TE, Lepilin PM, Kolegaev AS, Komlev AE, Ternovoy SK, Akchurin RS. Recent state of a problem in endovascular treatment of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Angiology and vascular surgery. 2018; 24 (3): 60-66 [In Russ].

12.   Lindholt JS, Bjorck M, Michel JB. Anti-platelet treatment of middle-sized abdominal aortic aneurysms. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2013; 11(3): 305-13.

13.   Chaikof EL. The Care of Patients with an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Society for Vascular Surgery Practice Guidelines. EL Chaikof, DC Brewster, RL Dalman [et al.] J. Vasc. Surg. 2009; 50(4): Suppl. 2-49.

14.   Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR [et al.] Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Circ. 2006; 113: 463-654.

15.   Johnston KW, Rutherford RB, Tilson MD. Suggested Standards for Reporting on Arterial Aneurysms. Subcommittee on Reporting Standards for Arterial Aneurysms, Ad Hoc Committee on Reporting Standards, Society for Vascular Surgery and North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery. J. Vasc. Surg. 1991; 13 (3): 452-458.

16.   Ashton HA, Buxton MJ, Day NE, Kim LG, Marteau TM, Scott RA, et al., Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study Group. The Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study (MASS) into the effect of abdominal aortic aneurysm screening on mortality in men: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;360(9345):1531-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11522-4. PubMed.

17.   Johansson M, Zahl PH, Volkert Siersma V, Jorgensen KJ, Marklund B, Brodersen J. Benefits and harms of screening men for abdominal aortic aneurysm in Sweden: a registry-based cohort study. Lancet. 2018; 391(10138): 2441-2447.

18.   Anjum A, Powell JT Is the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm declining in the 21st century? Mortality and hospital admissions for England & Wales and Scotland. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012; 43: 161-166.

Abstract:

Backgroud: endovascular implantation of the aortic stent-graft is a method of choice in treatment of aneurysms of the infrarenal abdominal aorta, especially in patients with high surgical risk.This strategy is characterized as less in-hospital complications, shorter in-hospital stay All these circumstances show some advantages of endovascular treatment compared with traditional «open» surgery. Besides that, there are some limitations for aortic endoprosthesis implantation, including short or conical proximal neck, severe angulation of aneurysmatic neck and tortuosity of arteries, insufficient diameter of iliac-femoral segment arteries for stent-graft delivery

Materials and methods: we report two clinical cases of successsful implantation of novel stent-graft OVATION PRIME in patients with adverse anatomy, precisely small diameter of crossing profile and original technology of proximal fixation of endoprosthesis.

Results: the use of innovative models of stent-grafts allows to proceed aortic endoprosthesis implantation with minimal risk of complications in certain patients with adverse vascular anatomy, who were previously deemed unsuitable for endovascular treatment.

References

1.     Jackson R.S., Chang D.C. Comparison of long-term survival after open vs endovascular repair of intact abdominal aortic aneurysm among Medicare beneficiaries. JAMA. 2012; 307: 1621-1628.

2.     Logevrove R.E., Javid M., Magee T.R., Galland R.B. A meta-analysis of 21,178 patient undergoing open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Br. J. Surg. 2008; 95:677-684.

3.     Brewster D.C., Cronenwett J.L., Hallett J.W. Jr, Johnston K.W., Krupski W.C., Matsumura J.S. Guidelines for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Report of a subcommittee of the Joint Council of the American Association for Vascular Surgery and Society for Vascular Surgery. J. Vasc.Surg. 2003;37:1106-17.

4.     Greenhalgh R.M., Brown L.C., Powell J.T., Thompson S.G., Epstein D., Sculpher M.J. Endovascular versus open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. N. Engl. J. Med. 2010;362:1863-71.

5.     Lederle F.A., Freischlag J.A., Kyriakides T.C., Padberg F.T. Jr, Matsumura J.S., Kohler T.R., et al. Outcomes following endovascular vs open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2009; 302:1535-42.

6.     Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Available at: http://ahrg.gov/data/hcup/. Accessed September 26, 2012.

7.     Arko F.R. Filis K.A., Seidel S.A., Gonzalez J., Lengle S.J., Webb R., et al. How many patients with infrarenal aneurysms are candidates for endovascular repair? The Northern California experience. J. Endovasc Ther. 2004;11:33-40.

8.     Armon M.P., Yusuf S.W. Latief K., Whitaker S.C., Gregson R.H., Wenham P.W., et al. Anatomical suitability of abdominal aortic aneurysms for endovascular repair. Br. J. Surg. 1997;84:178-80.

9.     Carpenter J.P., Baum R.A, Barker C.F., Golden M.A. Mitchell M.E., Velazquez O.C., et al. Impact of exclusion criteria on patient selection for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J. Vasc.Surg. 2001;34: 1050-4.

10.   Elkouri S., Martelli E., Gloviczki P., McKusick M.A. Panneton J.M., Andrews J.C., et al. Most patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm are not suitable for endovascular repair using currently approved bifurcated stent-grafts. Vasc. Endovascular. Surg. 2004;38:401-12.

11.   Moise M.A., Woo E.Y, Velazquez O.C., Fairman R.M., Golden M.A., Mitchell M.E., et al. Barriers to endovascular aortic aneurysm repair: past experience and implications for future device development. Vasc. Endovascular. Surg. 2006;40:197-203.

12.   Schumacher H., Eckstein H.H., Kallinowski F., Allenberg J.R. Morphometry and classification in abdominal aortic aneurysms: patient selection for endovascular and open surgery. J. Endovasc.Surg. 1997;4:39-44.

13.   Mehta M., Byrne W.J., Robinson H., Roddy S.P, Paty PS., Kreienberg P.B., et al. Women derive less benefit from elective endovascular aneurysm repair than men. J. Vasc. Surg. 2010;55:906-13.

14.   Morrison T., Fillinger M., Meyer C., et al. Gender disparities in endovascular treatment options for infrarenal abdominal aortic аneurysms. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/MedicalDevices/NewsEvents/Workshops Conferences/UCM359044.pdf. Published June 25, 2013. Accessed June 20, 2014.

15.   AbuRahma A.F., Campbell J., Stone PA., et al. The correlation of aortic neck length to early and late outcomes in endovascular aneurysm repair patients. J. Vasc. Surg. 2009;50:738-748.

16.   Aburahma A.F., Campbell J.E., Mousa A.Y, et al. Clinical outcomes for hostile versus favorable aortic neck anatomy in endovascular aortic aneurysm repair using modular devices. J. Vasc.Surg. 2011;54:13-21.

17.   Sweet M.P, Fillinger M.F., MorrisonT.M., Abel D. The influence of gender and aortic aneurysm size on eligibility for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J. Vascular Surg. 2011; 54:931-7.